This practical class has 2 main parts.
The first part will look at the cellular components of blood and their development.
The second part will look at the organs and tissues associated with lymphoid (lymphatic) immune function.
The Practical involves studying selected slides from the Virtual Slide Box (some text in these practical notes modified from Virtual Slidebox Histology). Additional online self-directed learning resources are shown below. Today's Laboratory will not cover all the immune system associated with the gastrointestinal tract (GIT), just the tonsilal component. The associated Lecture slides can be found here Lymph Lecture slides
Page Links: Introduction |Objectives | Key References | Virtual Slidebox | Additional Slides | Lymphoid Background | Related Topics | Glossary | Search Medlineplus Medical Dictionary |
1. Understand the major immune cell types of blood as they appear in blood smears
2. Brief understanding of the appearance and function of blood cells
3. Understand the organization of lymphoid tissue
4. Brief understanding of the organization of thymus, spleen and tonsil
For self-directed learning - (teachers to use APA referencing style)
1. Hill, M.A. (2005) UNSW Cell Biology - Society and Health Laboratory Blood and Lymphoid Tissue. Retrieved April 14, 2005, from http://cellbiology.med.unsw.edu.au/units/medicine/SHbloodlymph.htm
2. Dee, F.R., Leaven, T. and Consoer, D. (2005) Virtual Slidebox of Histology - Hematopoietic system. Retrieved April 14, 2005, from http://www.path.uiowa.edu/cgi-bin-pub/vs/fpx_browse.cgi?cat=o_hemato&div=nlm
3. Slomianka, L. (2004) UWA Blue Histology - Blood Retrieved April 14, 2005, from http://www.lab.anhb.uwa.edu.au/mb140/CorePages/Blood/blood.htm
4. Slomianka, L. (2004) UWA Blue Histology - Lymphoid Tissues I Retrieved April 14, 2005, from http://www.lab.anhb.uwa.edu.au/mb140/CorePages/Lymphoid1/lymph1.htm
5. Slomianka, L. (2004) UWA Blue Histology - Lymphoid Tissues II Retrieved April 14, 2005, from http://www.lab.anhb.uwa.edu.au/mb140/CorePages/Lymphoid2/lymph2.htm
The link below takes you to an internet page with the slides we will use in the Laboratory.
http://www.path.uiowa.edu/cgi-bin-pub/vs/fpx_browse.cgi?cat=o_hemato&div=nlm
Additional Virtual Slidebox
The link below takes you to internet pages additional slides not listed in the Laboratory Manual.
Use these slides to try and identify similar Lymphoid Histology features to those shown in your Lab.
Use this link to search for any tissue/organ in the Virtual Slidebox Virtual Slidebox - Search
For example, enter the term "appendix" in the search window.
Gastrointestinal tract (GIT) Histology
Look at the Virtual Slidebox Histology Virtual Slidebox - GIT, in particular the appendix.
Look at the Blue Histology Blue Histology - GALT.
Look at the Blue Histology Blue Histology - Appendix.
The pages below are additional UNSW Cell Biology resources for self-directed learning. Note that these pages are still under development with new links and revisions continuing to be made.
Brief Study - Links will give you an introduction to the lymphoid system and some images and online textbook resources. Includes the text only from the Lecture slides.
Detailed Study - more detailed online resources introduce key features and functions of the lymphoid system. Includes a link to a complete set of lecture slides on lymphoid system histology.
In Depth - look at key research articles on the lymphoid system. Includes links to review articles and animations.
A few key terms associated with the Lymphoid system.
adenoid - (Greek " +-oeides = in form of) in the form of a gland, glandular; the pharyngeal tonsil.
Afferent lymph - vessel carrying lymph towards a node.
Antibody mediated immunity - the immune function of plasma cells (active B lymphocytes) secreting antibody which binds antigen.
antigen - any substance that is recognised by the immune system and stimulates antibody production.
B lymphocyte (cell) - historically named after a structure called the bursa of Fabricius in birds, a source of antibody-producing lymphocytes. These cells develop in the bone marrow. (More? Electron micrographs of nonactivate and activated lymphocytes)
BALT - Bronchus Associated Lymphoid Tissue
cell - has a specific cell biology definition, but is often used instead of "lymphocyte" when describing B and T cells.
Cell-mediated immunity - the immune function of T lymphocytes.
"clockface" - a term used to describe the appearance of plasma cell nuclei due to the clumping of the chromatin at the nucleus periphery. More clearly seen in tissue plasma cells that the bone marrow smear, where they are sometimes confused with the basophilic erythroblasts. cortex - outer layer, used in association with medulla (innner layer or core) a general description that can be applied to describing an organ with a layered structure.
Effector cells - the immune functioning (active) B and T lymphocytes.
Efferent lymph - vessel carrying lymph away from a node.
GALT - Gut Associated Lymphatic Tissue
Haemopoiesis
immunodeficiency - when one or more components of the immune system is defective. (More? Immunobiology - immunodeficiency)
involution - in the Thymus refers to the replacement, mainly in the cortex, of cells by adipose tissue. (More? PubMed- thymus involution) | Cancer Medicine - Thymomas and Thymic Tumors)
lamina propria - a layer of loose connective tissue found underneath the epithelium of mucosa.
Leukocyte- (Greek, lukos= clear, white) white blood cell.
lingual- related to the tongue.
lymph node - connective tissue encapsulated lymphoid organ (1mm - 2cm in size), positioned in the pathway of lymph vessels.
macrophage - a large highly motile white blood cell which engulfs foreign material (bacteria etc) and both degenerating cells and cell fragments. Found in many different tissues and locations. (More? Immunobiology - Defects in phagocytic cells are associated with persistence of bacterial infection)
MALT - Mucosa Associated Lymphoid Tissue medulla - innner layer, used in association with cortex (outer layer) a general description that can be applied to describing an organ with a layered structure.
Memory Cell - effector T cell (lymphocyte)
parenchyma - (Greek = enkeim "to pour in") cells forming the functional cells of an organ or tissue. These cells carry out the function of the organ at a cellular level, and are not the structural cells, connective tissue, extracellular matrix (stromal).
Plasma Cell - active B cell (lymphocyte) which is secreting antibody. Located in either bone marrow or peripheral lymphoid tissues, these cells have and increased cytoplasmic volume (due to increase rough endoplasmic reticulum) in comparison to the inactive (non-secreting) lymphocyte.
spleen
stroma - (Greek = "a cover, table-cloth, bedding") tissue forming the framework/support of an organ or tissue. That is the structural cells which form connective tissue and secrete extracellular matrix, rather than the functional cells (parenchymal). All organs can therefore be functionally divided into these 2 components, stromal/parenchymal.
Subcapsular sinus (=marginal sinus) space lying under the connective tissue capsule which receives lymph from afferent lymphatic vessels.
Thymic corpuscle (=Hassall’s corpuscle) a mass of concentric epithelioreticular cells found in the thymus. The number present and size tend to increase with thymus age. (see classical description of Hammar, J. A. 1903 Zur Histogenese und Involution der Thymusdriise. Anat. Anz., 27: 1909 Fiinfzig Jahre Thymusforschung. Ergebn. Anat. Entwickl-gesch. 19: 1-274.)
T lymphocyte (cell) - named after thymus, where they develop, the active cell is responsible for cell-mediated immunity. (More? Electron micrographs of nonactivate and activated lymphocytes)
thymus
Search NIH Medlineplus Type the word that you would like to find. If unsure of spelling, type the first few letters, followed by an asterisk(*).
Home Page
About Project
Project
Maps
Search
Page
Society
Lymph
1 Lymph
2 Lymph
3 Lymph
4 Lymph
Medicine
Society & Health
Beginnings
Health Maintenance
Ageing
Science
General
Help ??
Medicine
Homepage
WebCT
NCBI Bookshelf
This page gives an introduction to Haemopoiesis and Lymphoid Histology.
As you have already had several classes on blood the focus of the Lab will be on Lymphoid Histology.
Use the study guides or links to look for more information.
Please email Dr Mark Hill if you wish to make a comment about this current project.