There are many different receptors that can be found on and inside cells. Receptors, by definition, need to bind a specific signaling molecule (ligand)
Start by looking at the online textbooks. These links will give you an introduction to receptors and some images.
Next- more detailed online resources introduce key initiators, Receptors and pathways of signaling. Includes a link to a complete set of lecture slides on receptors.
Then- look at the signaling pathways that receptors mediate.
Includes links to review articles and animations.Search NLM Online Textbooks- "receptor"
cell junctions, extracellular matrix, adhesion junctions, membranes, signaling, receptors, ligands, hormones, protein hormones, steroid hormones